GOVERNOR OF INDIA

GOVERNOR OF INDIA 

 

               Dosto aaj mene socha hai ke me apko ese simple shabdo me smjhaun ta k sabhi ke smj aye. Kuch dosto ko English samjhne me problem aati hai, un dosto ke liye ye method achha rahega. Fir bhi jekr ap logo ko kuch smj na aye ya koi baat pta na chale to aap muje puch lena, me apko bta dunga. Dosto aaj hum log pdenge ke "Governor" kaun hota hai aur uski appointment kaun krta h. dekho dosto humara savidhan governor ki post provide krta h. savidhan k according humare desh ke andr hr ek state me kam se kam ek governor jrur hona chahiye. Iske ilava savidhan k saatve (7th) sanshodhan ke mutabt ek hi admi 2 ya 2 se adhik rajyo ka governor ban sakta h. is sanshodhan ko "constitution (seventh Amendment ) Act of 1956" kehte hain. Governor rajya ke excutive head hote hain. Magr wo bhart k president ki traha nominal executive hote hain. Isko titular aur executive head bhi kaha jata h. governor ek kendr sarkar ke agent ki traha bhi kaam krte hain.

Ayie ab jante hain k governor ki appointment kaun krta h.

             Dosto governor ki appointment "president of india" krte hain. Aur unka tenure usually 5 saal ka hota h. magr wo tabh tk hi office me rehte hain jb tk president unko chodne k liye ni bolte. Magr jekr governor chahe to wo apna resignation kabhi bhi de sakta hai president ko. Humare savidhan k andr 2 mukhya qualifications di hui hain ek governor ki post k liye. Wo hain:

1. Pehli qualification hai ke wo bhart ka wasnik ( Citizen of India) hona chahiye. 
2. Aur doosri qualification hai k uski aayu (age) 35 saal ki honi chaiye kam se kam. Mtlb wo 35 saal ka ho chukka ho. 

           Dosto inke sath hi 2 aur bhi conventions bann chukka hain ayie me apko unke vaare me bhi btata hu. Wo ye hai k wo outsider hona chahiye, mtlb ye k jis state me usey niyukt (appoint) kia jar aha ho, wo basically us rajya ka citizen ni hona chahiye, wo other state ka hona chahiye. Esa isliye kiya gya h dosto taa k unpe local politics ka dabab (pressure) na rahe. Iske sath hi doosri convention ye h k jb bhi governor ki nyukti ki jaati h tb president us state k chief minister ke sath jrur consult krte hain. Esa isliye hota h taa k wo us state me constitution ko violate kiye bina ache se karya kr sake.
           Mgr me aap logo ko ye bhi btana chahunga k kuch ese k cases bhi aye hain jinme ye dono conventions violate hui hain. iske ilava bhart k savidhan ne kuch aur conditions bhi di hain jo hr ek governor k karyalya pr laggu hoti hain. Me ap logo ko unke vare me bhi btata hu:

1.  Sbse pehli condtion ye di hai k wo (governor) parliament k kisi bhi house ka member ni hona chahiye, wo chahe Lok sabha ho ya Rajya Sabha. Iske sath hi wo state legislature ka bhi member ni hona chahiye.
2. Doosri condition ye hai k wo koi aur sarkari office me na kaam krta ho "as an employ". Aur uske vetn (emoluments) , aur bhatte (allowances) ko parliament hi set krti h. k uska kitna milna chahiye. 

          Jab ek hi banda (person) kini do rajyo ka governor appoint hota h to usey do rajyo ki trf ye emoluments aur bhatte milte hain. Inka proportion president set krte hain k kitna kitna dena h unko. Aur dosto unke bhatte aur allowances ko unke tenure k doraan diminish ni kia ja sakta.
         Aao dosto ab me apko btata hu k governor ko shapth grehan kaun krvata h. Governor ko usi rajya ki high court k chief justice shapth grehn krvate hain. Mgr jb chief justice na ho to unki anupasthti (absence) me us court k senior most judge shapth grehn krvate hain. Iske baad ab me apko btata hu governor ki shaktiyo k vaare me. Aap logo ne bahut var suna hoga governor ki shaktiyo k vaare me. Magr me ab apko btata hu k eek governor k pass kya kya shaktiyan ho skti hain.

       Aao dosto ab me apko btata hu k governor k pass kya kya shaktiyan hoti hain .

       Sabse pehle Karyapalika shaktiyan:

1. Jitney bhi rajiya sarkaaren kaam krti hain, wo sb wahan k governor k naam pe hi hote hain. Chief minister ki nyukti bhi governor krte hain. Iske sath hi jitney bhi ministers hote hain ek rajya sarkar me un sabki nyukti governor hi krte hain. Wo tb tk office me rehte hain, jb tk governor ki nazro me wo sahi savidhan k mutabk karya krte hain. Anyathha governor unko kabhi bhi hta sakte hain. Chief minister k vaare me aur unke ministers k vaare me hum log alag article me pdeinge. 
2. State election commissioner ki appointment bhi governor krte hain. Unki condition of services aur karyakal bhi wahi teh (fix) krte hain. Mgr rajya k chunav ayukt "election commissioner of state" ko president hi hta (remove kr) sakte hain. Rajya k adhivakta "advocate general of state" ko bhi governor hi appoint krte hain. Wo bhi tb tk hi office me rehte hain jb tk governor chahein. 
3. Rajya servjanik seva ayog "state public service commission" ke chairman aur doosre members ki nyukti bhi rajyapal hi krte hain. Magr unko htaane ka adhikar rajyapal k pass ni h, unko rashtrpti hi hta sakte hain.
4. Governor rajya k chief minister se uske day to day chal rahi administration ki information bhi mang sakte hain jb unko jrurt ho esa krne ki. 
5. Wo rashtrpati ko apne rajya me savidhanik apaatkalin lagane ki recommendation bhi de sakte hain aur jb esa hota h k kisi rajya me president rule lg jata hai, fir governor k pass bahut saari executive powers aa jaati hain kyun fir wo president ke ek numaynde )(agent} ki traha karya krta h. 
6. Wo rajya ki universities me as a chancellor bhi karya krta hai. Wo vice chancellors bhi appoint krta h. 

         Dosto ye to thi rajyapal ki karyapalika shaktiyan (executive powers). Ab me apko btaunga rajyapal ki vidhayi shaktian (legislative powers) ke vaare me. Dekhiye dosto governor rajya k vidhan mandal (legislature) ka integral part hai.  Ao ab me apko uski legislative powers k vaare me btata hu:

Vidhayi Shaktian:

1. Rajyapal k pass state legislature ko bulane aur prmochan ( summoning or proroguing) krne ka vishesh adhikar hai. Wo rajya vidhan sabha ( state legislative assembly) ko kabhi bhi bhang (dissolve) kr sakta h. uske pass iska poorn adhikar h. 
2. Hr aam chunav (general election) k baad sbse pehle session ki shuruat se pehle wo legislature ko address krte hain. 
3. Iske sath hi wo state legislature k dono sadno ko notice bhej sakte hain kisi bhi pending bill k savandhit jb bhi wo kuch janna chahein. 
4. Wo rajya vidhan sabha k kisi bhi member ko speaker aur deputy speak nyukt kr sakte hain jb dono upasthit na ho. 
5. Rajyapal vidhan parishad k 1/6 member unme se nominate krta h jinke pass literature, science, art, cooperative aur social services me achhi knowledge ho aur practical experience ho. Iske sath hi wo vidhan sabha me bhi ek member nominate kr sakta h Anglo Indian community se. 
6. Jb kisi bhi member k disqualification ka sawal uthta h to rajyapal election commission k sath us matter ko discuss krta h. 
7. Jb koi bhi bill dono sadno (houses) se pass ho kr governor k pass jata h final approval k liye to rajyapal k pass 4 options hote hain. 

              Ek to ye k wo us bill ko apny sehmti (assent) de de aur bill law bann jaye.
              Doosri wo apnt sehmt na de aur bill ko apne pass rakhle.
              Teesri ye k wo bill ko return krde mgr esa us case me hota h jb bill money bill na ho, msg jekr bill dobara reconsideration k baad pass ho jata h to governor ko apny assent deni hi pdti h aur bill law bann jata hai.
              iska ilava jo final option bachta h governor pass wo ye k wo bill ko further president ki consideration k liye reserve krke apne pass rakh le. Iske ilava esa tb bhi hota h jb kisi high court ki position ko khatra ho, tb governor bill ko president ki consideration k liye apne pass rakh leta h. esa hi ek case ayea Soli Sorabji ka jisme kuch aur ese cases dekhe gaye jb governor bill reserve kr k rakh sakta hai. Jese k me apko btata hu dosto:
1) Jab bill constitution k pravdhano (provisions) k khilaf ho tb governor bill ko president ki consideration k liye reserve krke rakh sakte hain. Isko Ultra vires kehte hain.
2) Jab koi bill rajya niti k nirdesh sidhanto k khilaf ho (directive principle of state policy).
3) Desh k bade hitto (interests) k khilaf ho
4) Rashtrya mahattav (importance) ko grave kre.
5) Anushed 31A ke teht sampati k anivarya nirdharn k sath deal krta ho. Rajyapal adhyadesh (ordinance) ko laggu kr sakte hain. Unke pass esa krne ki power hai jb state legislature session me na ho. Aur akhiri power unki ye h k wo state finance commission, state public service commission aur comptroller aur auditor general ki reports vidhan mandal me pesh krte hain. Iske sath hi rajyapal ki jitni bhi vidhayi shaktiyan thi wo me aap logo ko bta hi chukka hu.
         Lecture kaffi lengthy ho chukka h dosto. Magar ab aap logo ko kahi se bhi governor k vaare me pdneki bhi jrurt ni pdegi. Ao ab me apko unki teesri powers k vaare me btata hu. Haan to dosto teesri power h unko vitti shaktiyan (financial powers). Ye power bhi bahut jabardast power hai unki. jese ke:

Vitti shaktian:

1. Koi bhi money bill state legislature me utpn ni ho sakta jb tk governor esa krne k liye recommend ni krta. 
2. Hr saal state budget bhi governor hi state legislature k andr rakhta h. 
3. Wo Panchayat aur municipalities ki arthic sathiti ka review krne k liye har 5 saal baad finance commission sthapit krta h. 
4. Iske sath hi dosto wo contingency fund se kisi bhi unforeseen expenditure k liye meney niklva sakta h.

 iske sath hi ye financial powers bhi yahi pe poori hoti hain. Ab bachi h ek power jise Nyayak shaktian (Judicial Powers) kehte hain. Dosto me apko iske vaare me bhi btata hu. But ap muje jrur btana k ye mera chhota sa pryas kesa laga, aap logo ko governor ka concept, unki powers k vaare me smj ayea ya ni. Koi bhi problem ayi aapko smjhne me, aap muje jrur btana. Ab me apko btata hu k rajyapal k pass kya kya Nyayak shaktian hoti hain.

Nyayak Shaktian:

     1) Governor k pass pardon powers hoti hain. Magar wo president ki pardon powers se bhin hoti hain. Jese ke:
               (1) Rashtrpti marityu (death sentence) ki saja ko muaf kr sakt hai magr rajyapal esa nhi kr sakta.
               (2) Rashtrpti court martial ki sajayen bhi muaf kr sakta hai jbke rajyapal esa bilkul ni kr sakta.
     2) Jb kisi bhi high court k judge appoint kiye jaate hain to governor se president pehle salaah ( consultation) krte hain fir appointment krte hain.
    3) District judges ki appointment, unki posting aur unki promotion bhi governor krte hain rajya high court k sath salaah krne k baad 4) Aur rajyapal hi rajya ki nyayak seva me vyaktio ko appoint krte hain high court aur state public service commission k sath salaah kr kr.
      Dosto hum logo ne aaj governor k bare me jaana. Fir bhi kisi traha ka doubt ho ya kuch samj na ayea ho niche comment box me comment kr dena. Me jld hi comment box apne blog pe laga dunga. Jese hi me apka comment pdunga, me apke sabhi doubts clear krdunga. Aap sb apne dosto k sath ye blog jrur share krna taa k sabko fyda ho sake.. Milte hain agle article me… Thanks friends 😊